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Hostility, population sorting, and backwardness: quasi-experimental evidence from the Red Army after WWII
Ochsner, Christian
Does a short episode of conflict or exposure to hostile troops cause regional economic backwardness, and if so, why and how does it persist? I answer these questions by exploiting economic differences across the idiosyncratic and short-lived line of contact between the Red Army and the Western Allies in South Austria at the end of WWII. Spatial regression discontinuity estimates show that hostile presence of the Red Army for 74 days caused an immediate relative population decline of around 12%, amplified to 25% by today. Age-specific migration patterns and subsequent fertility differences explain the multiplying effects. Sector development and measures of local labor productivity in 2011 also lag behind in regions briefly seized by the Red Army, likely driven by skill-specific migration and hampered investment patterns after WWII. The findings provide novel insights into the long-run effects of wars and conflicts, and point to the isolated role of the Red Army’s hostile actions after WWII to understand the European economic East-West divide.\n
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Hostile and aggressive behaviour of patients towards nurses in clinical practice
ŠMEJKALOVÁ, Alžběta
Current state: Aggressive and hostile behaviour of patients towards nurses in clinical practise is an alarming and common phenomenon that jeopardizes the safety and well-being of healthcare personnel. Objectives: The first objective of this thesis was to evaluate the number of adverse events in the "Behaviour of Individuals" category reported to the "National Portal for Reporting Adverse Events" during the period 2018-2021. The second objective was to assess the occurrence of aggressive behaviour of patients toward nurses in clinical practise. The third objective was to describe a spectrum of preventive nursing procedures that minimize the risk of aggressive behaviour of patients towards nurses. Methodology: The first research method involved a secondary analysis of statistical data from the National Portal for Reporting Adverse Events (ÚZIS ČR, 2022). The second research method utilized a quantitative study conducted through the administration of a standardized questionnaire called "Aggression of Patients towards Nurses in the Course of Their Profession (Lepiešová et al., 2015) ". This survey technique involved nurses from internal and surgical departments. Additionally, third research method was used, and it involved qualitative research through in-depth interviews with nursing care managers. Results: The results indicated that the most frequently reported event to the National portal of Reporting Adverse Events was category called "pressure ulcers ". The results of the qualitative study showed that patient aggression was not related to the field of care (p= 0.587). Furthermore, the results revealed that nurses with longer clinical experience encountered aggression from patients more frequently (p< 0,001). The results of the qualitative study described the most common preventive measures to minimize the risk of patient aggression towards nurses, including training and education of nurses and proper reporting of adverse events, addressing staff shortages, use of restraining measures and pharmacological interventions and appropriate communication with patients and their families. The hospital management prepares for the risk of patient aggression through staff training. Conclusion: The practical outcome of this diploma thesis is a set of recommendations for non-medical healthcare personnel.
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Charles de Gaulle and his changing perspectives on Germany
Čech, Damián ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Emler, David (referee)
The main focus of the bachelor thesis Charles de Gaulle and his changing perspectives on Germany will be the personality of Charles de Gaulle and his understanding of the Germany depending on his various life periods. In order to process this subject of the thesis, I will use the analysis of the memoirs, notes and letters, which will be divided thematically. The thesis covers the period of 1919-1969. The main goal of the thesis is to process and interpret the thoughts of de Gaulle in relation with Germany. De Gaulle as one of the most important personality of the twentieth century is mentioning Germany quite often, being one of his centers of interest. The bachelor thesis will try to illustrate the different images of the Germany that appear in his memoirs and how are the images changing in the reaction of the development of the mutual relations. The thesis will be also focusing on the language and expressions used to describe the Germany and will try to clarify them to the reader. Last but not the least I will try to answer the question, whether de Gaulle had a stable opinion on Germany or whether the opinion was changing depending on the current international situation.
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Charles de Gaulle and his changing perspectives on Germany
Čech, Damián ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Emler, David (referee)
The main focus of the bachelor thesis Charles de Gaulle and his changing perspectives on Germany will be the personality of Charles de Gaulle and his understanding of the Germany depending on his various life periods. In order to process this subject of the thesis, I will use the analysis of the memoirs, notes and letters, which will be divided thematically. The thesis covers the period of 1919-1969. The main goal of the thesis is to process and interpret the thoughts of de Gaulle in relation with Germany. De Gaulle as one of the most important personality of the twentieth century is mentioning Germany quite often, being one of his centers of interest. The bachelor thesis will try to illustrate the different images of the Germany that appear in his memoirs and how are the images changing in the reaction of the development of the mutual relations. The thesis will be also focusing on the language and expressions used to describe the Germany and will try to clarify them to the reader. Last but not the least I will try to answer the question, whether de Gaulle had a stable opinion on Germany or whether the opinion was changing depending on the current international situation.
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Personality Depravation in Forensic Psychology
Tamchyna, Miroslav ; Urbanová, Miluše (advisor) ; Sochůrek, Jan (referee) ; Netík, Karel (referee)
TAMCHYNA, M. Personality Depravation in Forensic Psychology. Dissertation. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts, Department of Psychology Advisor - PhDr. Miluše Urbanová, CSc. Co-advisor - PhDr. Alena Marešová, Ph.D. Abstract: The dissertation addresses the issue of negative personality changes understood as personality depravation. The introduction discusses their increase in normally socialized (non- criminal) population and states the need for a solution of this problem. The term depravation, which is taken from clinical practice, is analyzed from a theoretical perspective in the first part of this work. This research also builds upon empirical surveys of personality of groups of juvenile and adult convicts and non-delinquent control groups, which are described in the second part. Long- term empirical surveys repeated every decade (1979 - 2013) focus on personality depravation and are based on comparative analysis of standardized and quantified data - sociodemographic data, analyses of criminal activity, personality assessments using a standardized inventory of tests designed to ascertain personality depravation, and case histories of delinquents (n=1660). Generalizations of the findings are used to capture trends of personality change in convicts. The third part of this work describes the...
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Social networks and social bullying
KUBÍČEK, Petr
In my thesis I have focused on the issue of social networks and (social) bullying at elementary schools. In the first part of my paper I summarize the theoretical background and provide an overview of findings and opinions published by experts in relation to the issue of bullying and cyber-bullying, while in the second part of my paper I analyze the results of a research performed with the use of an anonymous questionnaire at four (4) elementary schools in the South Bohemia Region (Jihočeský kraj). The schools involved in the research were: two (2) schools with less than 270 pupils in the Prachatice region, one school with more than 270 pupils in the town of Prachatice and one school with more than 270 pupils in the city of České Budějovice. The purpose of the questionnaire investigation was to collect information on the extent in which aggressive behavior and cyber-bullying appear among pupils attending the 5th through 9th grades of the elementary school (age range 11-15). In the final part of the thesis I provide an overview of the results obtained through the research with the use of a BPAQ questionnaire (BussPerry Aggression Questionnaire and aggressive acts).
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